Stavropol region. An ancient-geographic area on the Russian Federation found in the main region of Subcaucasia, between the Kuban Lake (and you will Kuban region) towards west, brand new Terek region towards southeast, this new Wear part to your north, the fresh Kalmyk Independent Republic into northeast, and countries of Caucasian hill peoples south and southwestern. New Stavropol area basically corresponds from inside the area to your former Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 border, 59,five hundred sq kilometer) and the later Stavropol krai, smaller the newest Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five hundred sq kilometres).
Real topography. The top portion of the Stavropol region try filled by Stavropol Upland; the brand new slight section provides areas of the fresh new Caspian Lowland on the east, the newest Kuma-Manych Anxiety in the northern, in addition to hills of Caucasus Hills about southwestern. The fresh environment of your own Stavropol area are transitional, from temperate continental about western in order to more dry and a lot more continental about eastern. The greater of these range from the Yegorlyk (which streams towards the Manych), this new Kalaus, brand new Kuma, and also the Kuban and its own top tributaries, the brand new Velykyi Zelenchuk and Malyi Zelenchuk (look for Zelenchuk canals). River water is utilized to possess irrigation. Short, mainly saline lakes abound; the largest ‘s the thin but 160-km-much time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the located Stavropol part remained sparsely populated by nomadic Nogay Tatars (a good Turkic-speaking people) and you may Kalmyk anyone (a great Mongol-talking class), just who together numbered on the 80,000
The earth about west and you can main area of the Stavropol area is actually individuals chernozems and you can chestnut earth; toward eastern and northeast it getting light chestnut. The latest pure herbs including transform eastward with decreasing dampness, out-of meadow fescuefeather yard steppe to help you deceased fescuefeather turf steppe and semidesert herbs of wormwood, dead fescue, and you may feather lawn. On the more moist a portion of the Stavropol Upland as well as in the fresh Caucasus mountain tops the fresh pure herbs are tree-steppe which have pine-hornbeam-beech forests. Now both the steppe and the tree-steppe are practically totally removed to possess agriculture.
Records. Regarding the middle-16th century the newest Caucasus while the Stavropol part started to become into the experience of Muscovite colonization. Regarding 16th and you will seventeenth years Subcaucasia educated the fresh roots from Cossack colonization (the Wear Cossacks from the west together with Terek Cossacks when you look at the new east). Caucasian mountain peoples, the new Karachai additionally the Cherkess, lived in this new hills of one’s region.
At the beginning of the 18th century new Stavropol part nominally turned into the main Russian Empire. Long lasting settlements, yet not, were not oriented before history quarter of your century, whenever, into the 177780, the newest Russian government depending a type of forts, the fresh new Mozdok-Azov line, with head office from the Stavropol, in order to secure the Caucasian mountain individuals. Because of the 1785 the brand new Stavropol area formed part of Caucasus oblast, that has been redesignated an excellent gubernia when you look at the 1802. Following the several name transform it had been designated as the Stavropol gubernia when you look at the 1847. Its limits was in fact ultimately repaired in the 1861, whether or not it is actually broke up off Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia https://kissbridesdate.com/fr/femmes-colombiennes/ (as the 1898) was not part of Caucasus krai.
Until the 1930s the fresh new Stavropol area is compensated by each other Ukrainians and you can Russians, and you may constituted a part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
New Russian government advertised the brand new rapid colonization of your own Stavropol area so you can introduce a base having armed forces techniques regarding the Caucasus. Element of you to definitely aim is achieved by brand new granting of choice tracts out of property to help you Russian noblemen, just who compensated them with its serfs. A far more high factor in colonization, although not, was brand new impulsive settlement from the county peasants who were unimpeded because of the the central government. Indeed the brand new imperial authorities legalized extant says on ukase away from 1804 and you may offered service to those that has compensated in the the latest Stavropol region. By the end of the 1850s the people regarding Stavropol gubernia got risen up to 340,000 (5.5 people for each and every sq . kilometer). Its just town, Stavropol, increased from about step 3,000 residents in 1800 to 17,600 people for the 1853. More densely paid areas was basically the brand new steppes involving the Yegorlyk additionally the Kalaus streams while the Kalaus Lake area. The populace out of Stavropol gubernia (and additionally Terek oblast) when you look at the 1853 consisted of 48.eight per cent Cossacks, 32 per cent county peasants, sixteen.dos % nomadic herders, and you will step 3.one percent serfs while some.